<?xml version="1.1" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">HPR</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Health Psychology Research</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>TBA</issn><eissn>2420-8124</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Health Psychology Research</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4081/hpr.2014.1825</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>General</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title> Impact on participation and  autonomy: test of validity and  reliability for older persons</title><url>https://healthpr.org/journal/HPR/2/3/10.4081/hpr.2014.1825</url><author>HammarIsabelle Ottenvall,EkelundChristina,WilhelmsonKatarina,EklundKajsa</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>3</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2014-11-06</published-time></date></history><abstract>In research and healthcare it is important to measure older persons&amp;rsquo; self-determination in order to improve their possibilities to decide for themselves in daily life. The questionnaire Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA) assesses self-determination, but is not con structed for older persons. The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliabil ity of the IPA-S questionnaire for persons aged 70 years and older. The study was performed in two steps; first a validity test of the Swedish version of the questionnaire, IPA-S, followed by a reliability test-retest of an adjusted ver sion. The validity was tested with focus groups and individual interviews on persons aged 77 88 years, and the reliability on persons aged 70-99 years. The validity test result showed that IPA-S is valid for older persons but it was too extensive and the phrasing of the items needed adjustments. The reliability test-retest on the adjusted questionnaire, IPA- Older per sons (IPA-O), showed that 15 of 22 items had high agreement. IPA-O can be used to measure older persons&amp;rsquo; self-determination in their care and rehabilitation.</abstract><keywords>impact on participation and autono my, occupational therapy, rehabilitation, self determination, test-retest</keywords></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>1. United Nations. Charter of the United Nations. 2013. Available from: http://www.un.org/en/documents/charter/.2. EUSTaCEA-project. European Charter of the Rights and Responsibilities of Older People in Need of Longterm Care and Assistance. Available from: http://www.age-platform.eu/images/stories/22204_AGE_charte_europeenne_EN_v4.pdf3. Kristensson J, Hallberg IR, Ekwall AK. Frail older adult&amp;rsquo;s experiences of receiving health care and social services. J Gerontol Nurs 2010;36:20-8.4. Flick U, Fischer C, Neuber A, et al. Health in the context of growing old: social representations of health. J Health Psychol 2003;8:539-56.5. Levasseur M, St-Cyr Tribble D, Desrosiers J. Meaning of quality of life for older adults: importance of human functioning components. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2009;49:91-100.6. Janl&amp;ouml;v AC, Hallberg IR, Petersson K. Older persons&amp;rsquo; experience of being assessed for and receiving public home help: do they have any influence over it? Health Soc Care Community 2006;14:26-36.7. Ekdahl A, Andersson L, Wirehn AB, Friedrichsen M. Are elderly people with co-morbidities involved adequately in medical decision making when hospitalised? A cross-sectional survey. BMC Geriatr 2011;11:46-54.8. Boyle G. Facilitating choice and control for older people in long-term care. Health Soc Care Community 2004;12:212-20.9. Teeri S, Leino-Kilpi H, Valimaki M. Long-term nursing care of elderly people: identifying ethically problematic experiences among patients, relatives and nurses in Finland. Nursing Ethics 2006;13:116-29.10. English V. Medical ethics today: the BMS&amp;rsquo;s handbook of ethics and law. Oxford, Blackwell Publishing BMJ Books; 2004.11. Elander G, Hermeren G. Autonomy and paternalistic behaviour in care. Scand J Caring Sci 1989;3:153-9.12. Collopy BJ. Autonomy in long term care: some crucial distinctions. Gerontologist 1988;28:10-7.13. Cardol M, De Jong BA, Ward CD. On autonomy and participation in rehabilitation. Disabil Rehabil 2002;24:970-4.14. Cardol M, de Haan RJ, van den Bos GA, et al. The development of a handicap assessment questionnaire: the impact on participation and autonomy (IPA). Clin Rehabil 1999;13:411-9.15. Cardol M, de Haan RJ, de Jong BA, et al. Psychometric properties of the impact on participation and autonomy questionnaire. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82:210-6.16. Cardol M, Beelen A, van den Bos GA, et al. Responsiveness of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy questionnaire. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002;83:1524-9.17. Lund ML, Fisher AG, Lexell J, Bernsp&amp;aring;ng B. Impact on participation and autonomy questionnaire: internal scale validity of the Swedish version for use in people with spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Med 2007;39:156-62.18. Patton MQ. Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis. Health Serv Res 1999;34:1189-208.19. Svensson E. Ordinal invariant measures for individual and group changes in ordered categorical data. Stat Med 1998;17:2923-36.20. Svensson E, Schillberg B, Kling AM, Nystrom B. Reliability of the balanced inventory for spinal disorders, a questionnaire for evaluation of outcomes in patients with various spinal disorders. J Spinal Disord Tech 2012;25:196-204.21. Sonn U, Grimby G, Svanborg A. Activities of daily living studied longitudinally between 70 and 76 years of age. Disabil Rehabil 1996;18:91-100.22. Wilhelmson K, Duner A, Eklund K, et al. Continuum of care for frail elderly people: Design of a randomized controlled study of a multi-professional and multidimensional intervention targeting frail elderly people. BMC Geriatr 2011;11:24.23. Krueger RA, Casey MA. Focus groups: a practical guide for applied research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications; 2000.24. Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurs Educ Today 2004;24:105-12.25. Svensson E. Guidelines to statistical evaluation of data from rating scales and questionnaires. J Rehabil Med 2001;33:47-8.26. WMA. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA 2013;310:2191-4.27. Switzer GE, Wisniewski SR, Belle SH, et al. Selecting, developing, and evaluating research instruments. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1999;34:399-409.28. Altman DG. Practical statistics for medical research. London: Chapman and Hall; 1991.29. Bunketorp L, Carlsson J, Kowalski J, Stener-Victorin E. Evaluating the reliability of multi-item scales: a non-parametric approach to the ordered categorical structure of data collected with the Swedish version of the Tampa scale for kinesiophobia and the self-efficacy Scale. J Rehabil Med 2005;37:330-4.30. Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
